Bio 2

AP Biology Chapter 27 Lecture Notes Prokaryotes and the Origins of Metabolic Diversity I. The gentlemans gentleman of Prokaryotes A. Theyre (almost) everywhere! An overview of prokaryotic life 1. Prokaryotes dominate the biosphere. Their biomass is at least(prenominal) 10 times greater than all in all eukaryotes. You have much prokaryotes in your mouth or on your skin than the affection total number of humans who have ever personifyd. They ar plant wherever there is life and in places similarly thoroughgoing for any eukaryote. They chiffonier cause disease, give us vitamins, round of golf carbon and nitrogen. Life on solid ground as we get along it would stop without them. Eukaryotes cannot exist without them until now they can exist without eukaryotes. 2. They a good deal live in symbiosis with each other and with eukaryotes, e.g., mitochondria and chloroplasts. B. bacteria and archaea ar the ii principal(prenominal) branches of prokaryotic evolution 1. By canvas ribosomal RNA and the completely sequenced genomes of several extant species, two main types of prokaryotes have been identified, bacteria and archaea. Archaea live in thoroughgoing environments, e.g., heated springs and salt ponds. Many systematists organize life into lead domains, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, which argon levels above kingdom. II. The Structure, Function, and Reproduction of Prokaryotes A.

Most prokaryotes are unicellular, but whatever come from colonies of identical cells. The three most harsh shapes are spheres (cocci), rods (bacilli), and helices (spirilla and spirochetes ). Most are smaller than eukaryotic cells. B! . approximately all prokaryotes have a cell wall impertinent to the blood plasma membrane 1. The cell wall maintains the shape, provides protection, and keeps them from bursting when in hypotonic solutions. They can plasmolyze in hypertonic solutions and die. Their cells walls differ from those of 1 AP Biology Chapter 27 Lecture Notes plants, protists and fungi. Most bacteria cell walls contain peptidoglycan, polymers of sugars, sweep connected by short polypeptides. Archea lack...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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